The market for municipal bonds in Indonesia consisted of two distinct segments : * Bonds issued by municipal enterprises * Bonds issued by regional goverments On the positive side, bonds issued by municipal enterprises would be treated by regulations equally to average corporate bonds. PDAMs provided piped water system to domestic and small non-domestic water users, alone normallnya did not serve large-scale industrial users. In 2005, umpteen PDAMs barely covered operating expenditures, and over 80% were futile to service their loans or finance rehabilitation. On average, water losses were averaging 50% of production. Even though the overall picture was bleak, a small number of PDAMs were profitable and actively searching for outside financing to expand their distribution networks and build additional water treatment plants. The studies indicated a strong demand for piped water and willingness of the authority customers to pay... If you want to get a full essay, order it on our website: Orderessay
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